This is an exhaust device. You said SMOG device. Related. BUT you are MISSING something...
I see you
You mentioned PCV. Positive Crankcase Ventilation. I had that on my 1965 Mustang.
"In 1961, the first PCV systems appeared on California cars. The PCV system used intake vacuum to siphon blowby vapors back into the intake manifold. This allowed the HC to be re-burned and eliminated blowby vapors as a source of pollution." https://www.aa1car.com/library/pcv.htm